{{ link.title }} (B) ESEM invariance syntax generator for Mplus Text copied to clipboard Close STEP 1 STEP 2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Insert your CFA structure here
F1 by
item1
item2
item3;

F2 by
item4
item5
item6;

F3 by
item7
item8
item9;
CFA Structure (Only factor loading structure. No specification of correlation or variances, * or @ should be included. For bifactor models no G-factor should be specified either as the tool will create it)
Output Shortcut Format Disabled:
F1 by item1 item2 item3 item4 item5;

Output Shortcut Format Enabled:
F1 by item1-item5;

Continue
GROUPING variable name (For example: gender)
Groups (Your data must be in long format)

List all the group names according to the text specified in the GROUPING variable in Mplus along with their group number.

mdi-delete Add Model Group Continue Back

Enter the number of categories for each indicator in the factor:

{{ factor.name }} {{ parseInt(factor.value) - 1 }} thresholds View individual item thresholds
{{ item.name }}
Continue Back

Select the syntax you want to use and copy it into the Mplus software program to run your model.

Download
Original Input Copy to clipboard

                                                                    
{{ title }} Copy to clipboard

                                                                    
Continue Start Over

After you have copied the syntax from Step 1 and inserted it into each Mplus input file, run each of the models and save them individually. Be careful not to remove the !MODEL# DO NOT REMOVE THIS COMMENT when pasting the syntax and running each of the models.

After running the models click on File input below and select all five of the Mplus output files and once they appear in the box below click Continue.

When you click Continue, an Excel file should download automatically containing the invariance testing results based on (delta) changes in the CFI, RMSEA and SRMR between models.

Continue Start Over

The purpose of this tool is to help you generate the syntaxes needed to run measurement invariance analyses for Bifactor Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (B ESEM) with ease, as the process can become quite tedious and complex with the potential for human error. The tool is based on the technical supplement of Morin (In Press):

Morin, A.J.S. (In Press). Exploratory structural equation modeling: Technical supplements. In R.H. Hoyle (Ed)., Handbook of Structural Equation Modeling, Second Edition. Guilford.

IMPORTANT NOTE: This tool is currently only designed for multi-group tests of measurement invariance. For longitudinal models, you can study Morin (In Press) for the model specification such as bifactor ESEM invariance for longitudinal models (T28-T57).

HOW TO USE THIS TOOL:

  • STEP 1: Insert your basic CFA factor structure as indicated below (no covariances or variance constraints should be load, only indicators). DO NOT specify the G-factor, the tool will create the G-factor by itself.
  • STEP 2: Specify your multigroup (GROUPING) information.
  • STEP 3: Copy all the appropriate syntax generated for each model with ALL the comments (!) included to ensure smooth functioning and run in Mplus.
  • NOTE: It is very important that you copy the USEVARIABLES list with the syntax so the indicators are in the correct order as in the syntax or your results will be incorrect!
  • STEP 4: (Optional) After running all the models you can upload the output to receive an Excel file download with a table with results of the measurement invariance texting which you can edit and transfer to Word.
  • STEP 5: If you found this tool helpful, please cite it in your work.

Input Format (Do not specify the G-factor or any covariances/factor variances):

F1 by
item1
item2
item3;

F2 by
item7
item9
item14;

F3 by
item4
item5
item8;
Terms of use | Contact | Step 1 has been used 1791 times since 23 March 2022 | Step 2 has been used 449 times since 23 March 2022
Terms of use
  • This resource is free to use and a citation of use of it is appreciated.
  • This tool is used at your own discretion and the authors accept no liability for any potential error(s).
  • This resource was created independently and the authors are not affiliated with Mplus in any official capacity.
  • This resource is GDPR compliant. No data or syntax is stored, tracked or reviewed.
  • This version of the syntax generator was beta tested with Mplus versions 8.6 and 8.7.
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Contact Comments, suggestions or questions: DeBeer.Leon@nwu.ac.za Close